Principal and Agent games are well established in game theory — this writing explains how they relate to Bitcoin, in respect to contracts at large, and how decentralisation has long been applied by “non-cooperative” game methodology. Game theoretically expressed, the principal founds the expectations or the bounds of an agreement…

Human language and philosophy can throw up paradoxes on simple turns of phrases or expressions, which might mean different things to different people, at different times, and in different context. Translations can change through experience, and although some might say there is no out of context — at least to…

If death is a separation, then the metaphor of division between this life and another can take on formal reception. To say something like you were dead in the trespasses in which you walked, is qausi-religous, and such tones weren’t receptive until the advent of an extensive form game with…

For the purposes expressed here, “peer-to-peer” refers to a two player game, where a “trustless” third player takes form as software, and acts as an arbitrator, referee, or umpire to the peered two players in their game of signatures. In reference to single, double, and triple entry accounting methodology, the…

Professor John F. Nash Jr., Nobel Laureate in Economics in 1994, had an Open Dialogue with hundreds of Hong Kong students at the newly opened Auditorium of Diocesan Girls’ School on 4 November 2011. Below is a transcript of Prof. Nash answering a question regarding his motivations to work. “I…

Game theory references diverse bargaining scenarios by the “characteristic function” (CF) of the game analysed. For these purposes, two-person games are addressed in cooperative form—meaning a mutually beneficial mechanism becomes available to address welfare of “both” players. Canonical Arbitration It may seem counter-intuitive to render whole world populations into binary “games”. Games…

The recent collapse of cryptocurrency exchange FTX has provided easy pickings for cryptocurrency critics, since estimated losses run into billions of US dollars with customers facing little immediate prospect of redress. These events raise questions on the accounting and reporting practices used by FTX and its ex-CEO Sam Bankman-Fried —…

A recent twitter direct message exchange veered into the possible relationship between geopolitics and thermodynamics. This provoked a few thoughts on the nature of bitcoin and how it might take “physical” form, which seems like “hot air” in the humorous sense of what’s common to both geopolitics and thermodynamics! All…

If coalitional game theory is setting as a cornerstone to resolve the problem of multilateral cooperation in a world instantly communicating across geographical frontiers, then an artistic application to soften the hard edge of mathematical logic might be welcome. And if this art borrows from the logic and history of…